Age of Napoleon:

Napoleon's Rise to Power:
- Victory at Toulon (1792)
- Saved Directory from royalist Paris mob (1795)
- Italian & Egyptian campaigns brought fame and glory

Reaction/Directory (1795):
- Thermidorian Reaction (moderate): 1789 ideals+stability
Power of Committee curbed, Jacobin club shut down, churches opened
- Council of 500/Council of Elders
Government dominated by middle class/corruption problems
- Coup d'etat (1799): General Napoleon Bonaparte seized power
- Napoleon First Consul (for life in 1802)

Domestic Policies of Napoleon:
- Concordat of 1801: peace with Catholic Church
- Napoleonic Code: citizens equal before law
Right to choose one's profession/religious toleration
Abolition of feudalism/property rights & employers protected

Napoleon's Empire:
- Crowned himself Emperor Napoleon I (1804)
- Defeated Austria & Russia (1805)/Prussia defeated (1806)
- Grand Empire: French Empire; dependent states; allied states
- Attempted to destroy old order/spread revolutionary ideals

The Fall of Napoleon: Great Britain & Nationalism
- French fleet defeated at Trafalgar (1805)
- Continental System failure (1806-07)
- Nationalism: hatred of French oppressors in European states
- Invasion of Russia (1812): "Great Retreat"
- France defeated by allied states (1814)/exiled to Elba
- Napoleon defeated at Waterloo/exiled to St. Helena